What Counts as a Self-Inflicted Injury in Workmen's Compensation?

A self-inflicted injury refers to harm that an individual deliberately causes to themselves rather than suffering it accidentally. It can include intentional harm such as cutting, burning, or even attempting suicide. In some cases, negligence or reckless behaviour at work that results in injury may also fall under this category.

For example, punching a wall during anger, injuring oneself purposely to avoid duty, or a suicide are common instances. Unlike a typical workplace injury, these do not generally qualify for an accident at work claim. Here, intent plays a critical role in compensation decisions.

Legal Standpoint Under Section 3(1)

The Workmen's Compensation Act outlines that only injuries arising “out of and during the course of employment” qualify for compensation under Section 3(1). If the injury is self-inflicted, such as a suicide attempt or deliberate harm, it is generally not covered. This distinction helps prevent false injury at work claims and protects the integrity of the compensation system.

Exclusions of Workmen's Compensation Policy

The law excludes injuries that occur due to:

• Wilful disobedience of safety instructions
• Influence of alcohol or drugs
• Intentional acts of self-harm

In simple words, as long as a worker is employed by an organisation and sustains an injury while performing their duties, provided they were following safety protocols, they are eligible to file a claim under the Workmen’s Compensation Act.

When Is Workplace Injury Compensation Denied?

• Injury is a result of deliberate or intentional self-harm.
• Harm arises from personal disputes, not job duties.
• The incident occurs outside the workplace or during work hours.
• False information or misrepresentation is found in the workplace injury claim.

When an employee has a self-inflicted injury, employers need to handle the situation carefully. First, it’s important to find out exactly what happened by gathering all the facts, including talking to the employee and any witnesses. Even though intentional injuries usually aren’t covered, it’s still important to communicate openly with the employee and show understanding, especially if mental health might be involved. Employers may also take steps to improve the work environment, if necessary.

Self-inflicted injuries fall outside the scope of Workmen's Compensation. However, mental health-related claims may be considered in exceptional cases, provided strong evidence supports the cause. However, in India, Workmen's Compensation policies exclude claims arising from self-inflicted injuries or any deliberate acts by the employee.

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